Izinga Lokushisa Lokuvimba Lomgomo we-COVID-19: Kungani Kudingeka Isiqandisi se-ULT?

NgoDisemba 8, i-United Kingdom yaba yizwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukuqala ukugoma izakhamizi ngomuthi wokugomela i-Pfizer ogunyazwe ngokugcwele futhi ohlolwe i-COVID-19.NgoDisemba 10, i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) izohlangana ukuze idingide ngokugunyazwa okuphuthumayo komgomo ofanayo.Maduze, amazwe emhlabeni wonke azolandela okufanayo, ethatha izinyathelo eziqondile zokuletha izigidi zalezi zitsha zengilazi ngokuphepha emphakathini.

Ukugcina amazinga okushisa adingekayo angaphansi kweziro ezidingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe ubuqotho bomuthi wokugoma kuzoba uhlelo olukhulu lwabasabalalisi bemithi yokugoma.Khona-ke, uma imithi yokugoma osekunesikhathi eside ilindelwe ekugcineni ifika emakhemisi nasezibhedlela, kufanele iqhubeke nokugcinwa emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kweziro.

Kungani Imithi Yokugomela i-COVID-19 Idinga Amazinga Okushisa Aphansi Kakhulu?

Ngokungafani nomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, odinga ukugcinwa ku-5 degrees Celsius, umgomo we-Pfizer we-COVID-19 udinga ukugcinwa ku--70 degrees Celsius.Lokhu kushisa kwe-sub-zero kufudumele cishe ngama-degrees angu-30 kuphela kunamazinga okushisa abandayo aqoshwe e-Antarctica.Yize ungabandi kangako, umgomo kaModerna usadinga amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-20 degrees Celsius, ukuze ugcine amandla awo.

Ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele isidingo samazinga okushisa aqandayo, ake sihlole izingxenye zomuthi wokugoma nokuthi le mithi yokugoma emisha isebenza kanjani ngokunembile.

Ubuchwepheshe be-mRNA

Imithi yokugoma ejwayelekile, njengomkhuhlane wesizini, kuze kube manje isebenzise igciwane elibuthaka noma elingasebenzi ukuze likhuthaze ukusabela komzimba emzimbeni.Imithi yokugomela i-COVID-19 ekhiqizwe ngabakwaPfizer kanye neModerna isebenzisa i-messenger RNA, noma i-mRNA ngamafuphi.I-mRNA iguqula amangqamuzana omuntu abe amafektri, okubenza bakwazi ukwenza iphrotheni ethile ye-coronavirus.Iphrotheni ikhiqiza impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba emzimbeni, njengokungathi kukhona ukutheleleka kwangempela kwe-coronavirus.Ngokuzayo, uma umuntu echayeke ku-coronavirus, amasosha omzimba angalwa nawo kalula.

Ubuchwepheshe bokugomela i-mRNA busha kakhulu futhi umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 uzoba owokuqala walolu hlobo ukugunyazwa yi-FDA.

I-Fragility ye-mRNA

I-molecule ye-mRNA intekenteke ngendlela emangalisayo.Akuthathi okuningi ukuyibangela ukuba ihlakazeke.Ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aguquguqukayo noma ama-enzyme kungalimaza i-molecule.Ukuvikela umgomo kuma-enzyme emzimbeni wethu, i-Pfizer isonge i-mRNA ngamabhamuza anamafutha enziwe ngama-lipid nanoparticles.Ngisho nebhamuza elivikelayo, i-mRNA isengawohloka ngokushesha.Ukugcina umgomo emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kukaziro kuvimbela lokhu konakala, kugcina ubuqotho bomgomo.

Izinketho Ezintathu Zesitoreji Sokugomela i-COVID-19

NgokukaPfizer, abasabalalisi bemithi yokugoma banezinketho ezintathu uma kuziwa ekugcineni imigomo yabo ye-COVID-19.Abasabalalisi bangasebenzisa iziqandisi ze-ULT, basebenzise abathumeli abashisayo ukugcina isikhashana kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingu-30 (kufanele baphinde bagcwalise iqhwa elomile njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu), noma bagcine esiqandisini sokugoma izinsuku ezinhlanu.Umkhiqizi wemithi ukhiphe abathumeli bemikhumbi abashisayo abasebenzisa iqhwa elomile nezinzwa ezishisayo ezinikwe amandla i-GPS ukuze bagweme uhambo lwezinga lokushisa ngenkathi besendleleni eya endaweni yokusetshenziswa (POU).